Which of the following was a direct cause of the formation of the bracero program?

Marjory Collins, photographer. Stockton (vicinity), California. Mexican agricultural laborer topping sugar beets. 1943. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.

An executive order called the Mexican Farm Labor Program established the Bracero Program in 1942. This series of diplomatic accords between Mexico and the United States permitted millions of Mexican men to work legally in the United States on short-term labor contracts. These agreements addressed a national agricultural labor shortage during WWII and implicitly, they redressed previous depression-era deportations and repatriations that unjustly targeted Mexican Americans who were U.S. citizens. Upon its termination in 1964, the Bracero Program had brought more than four million Braceros (arms) to work in U.S. agriculture and on railroads.

Índice Show

What events led to the creation of the Bracero Program?
Why was the Bracero Program created quizlet?
What was the result of the Bracero Program?
What was overall objective for implementing the Bracero Program?

During World War II, the U.S. sought labor from millions of Braceros, who would return to their country of origin after their work permit expired. El Paso, Texas, the U.S. point of entry from Ciudad Juarez, served as a recruitment center for the program, which the U.S. Agricultural Department and independent farmer associations administered with the Farm Bureau managing English-language contracts. The United States and Mexico agreed on a set of protocols that would protect Braceros from discrimination and poor wages. Nonetheless, discrimination continued and Braceros experienced surcharges for room and board, deducted pay, and exposure to deadly chemicals.

The Bracero Program concluded on December 31, 1964 as mechanization became more widespread. Ultimately, the program resulted in an influx of undocumented and documented laborers, 22 years of cheap labor from Mexico, and remittances to Mexico by Braceros.

Timeline

November 20, 1910-1924	The Mexican Revolution creates political, economic, and social unrest.
July 28, 1914-1919	A labor shortage during World War I causes U.S. dependence on Mexican agricultural workers.
1929	The Great Depression begins and many Mexican and Mexican Americans are deported or repatriated to Mexico.
September 1, 1939	World War II begins.
July 23, 1942	Mexico declares war on the Axis powers.
February 19, 1942	Executive Order 9066 places persons of Japanese ancestry, many whom worked on farms, into internment camps.
August 4, 1942	The Bracero Program issues temporary U.S. work permits to millions of Mexicans to ease labor shortages.
December 31, 1964	The Bracero Program is terminated.

Resources

What events led to the creation of the Bracero Program?

World War II. Instead of farm labor reforms, the outbreak of WWII allowed many Dust Bowl migrants to join the military or find nonfarm jobs, prompting farmers to complain of labor shortages and the US and Mexican governments to launch another Bracero program that began to admit Mexican workers in September 1942.

Why was the Bracero Program created quizlet?

Significance: Initiated because of farm labor shortages caused by American entry into World War II, the bracero program brought Mexican workers to replace American workers dislocated by the war.

What was the result of the Bracero Program?

The Bracero program resulted in an increase in both legal and illegal workers coming to the United States from Mexico. Braceros would sometimes return to the United States illegally once their contracts ended, and employers were not held accountable for employing migrants who were in the country illegally.

What was overall objective for implementing the Bracero Program?

Key Takeaways: The Bracero Program The Bracero Program was originally intended to help American farms and factories remain productive during World War II. Bracero farm workers suffered racial and wage discrimination, along with substandard working and living conditions.